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本帖最后由 bigbadwolf 于 2015-2-19 06:06 PM 编辑
长久以来,中国父母坚定的认为如果凉着了会导致感冒,这种说法一直被一些人斥为不科学,因为现代医学通常认为感冒是由感冒病毒引起的。
但是,美国科学院院报(PNAS, January 20, 2015 )最新的研究发现凉着的确和感冒有关。
新研究认为,感冒病毒中最常见的一种,Rhinovirus 其实是无处不在的,但是带有病毒的人未必都会患感冒。而决定是否会患感冒的一个重要因素是人体的免疫系统的状况,而这个状况则受体温影响。
该研究指出,感冒病毒会大肆在的在培养在33摄氏度的气管细胞里复制。但是同样的病毒则不能在37度(相当于正常体温)的气管细胞里有效复制。该研究指出其中原因之一是免疫系统中的一型干扰素受体(Type I inteferon receptor) 的功能受温度影响很大。
原始文献出处:
http://www.pnas.org/content/112/3/827.abstract?sid=9cf229f8-b52
Abstract
Most isolates of human rhinovirus, the common cold virus, replicate more robustly at the cool temperatures found in the nasal cavity (33–35 °C) than at core body temperature (37 °C). To gain insight into the mechanism of temperature-dependent growth, we compared the transcriptional response of primary mouse airway epithelial cells infected with rhinovirus at 33 °C vs. 37 °C. Mouse airway cells infected with mouse-adapted rhinovirus 1B exhibited a striking enrichment in expression of antiviral defense response genes at 37 °C relative to 33 °C, which correlated with significantly higher expression levels of type I and type III IFN genes and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) at 37 °C. Temperature-dependent IFN induction in response to rhinovirus was dependent on the MAVS protein, a key signaling adaptor of the RIG-I–like receptors (RLRs). Stimulation of primary airway cells with the synthetic RLR ligand poly I:C led to greater IFN induction at 37 °C relative to 33 °C at early time points poststimulation and to a sustained increase in the induction of ISGs at 37 °C relative to 33 °C. Recombinant type I IFN also stimulated more robust induction of ISGs at 37 °C than at 33 °C. Genetic deficiency of MAVS or the type I IFN receptor in infected airway cells permitted higher levels of viral replication, particularly at 37 °C, and partially rescued the temperature-dependent growth phenotype. These findings demonstrate that in mouse airway cells, rhinovirus replicates preferentially at nasal cavity temperature due, in part, to a less efficient antiviral defense response of infected cells at cool temperature.
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